Israeli Prime Minister Naftali Bennett Visits U.A.E.

Mr. Bennett, who arrived Sunday, said he would be discussing cooperation on a number of fronts, including strengthening economic ties.

“This is just the beginning,” he said before boarding his plane in Israel.

The U.A.E. and Israel began normalizing their relations last year after nearly 50 years of having no diplomatic ties. It sparked a flurry of diplomatic activity that saw other Arab countries, including Bahrain, Sudan and Morocco, initiate formal ties with Israel, in what have become known as the Abraham Accords.

Israel’s former Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, who signed the accords, was meant to fly to Abu Dhabi last year but Jordan’s delay in approving his flight over the country forced him to cancel plans.

The accords marked a diplomatic departure for Israeli-Arab relations. For decades normalization had been conditioned on Israeli peace efforts with the Palestinians, but President Donald Trump tried a different tack, encouraging Arab countries to establish ties through a series of sweeteners, including the removal of hurdles to the U.A.E. importing F-35 jet fighters.

Mr. Bennett’s one-day trip is the latest in a series of remarkable diplomatic moves in the Middle East in recent weeks, as the Iran nuclear talks show little progress in Vienna.

Sheikh Mohammed traveled to Turkey to meet longtime rival President Recep Tayyip Erdogan, who has backed Islamist movements across the region that the U.A.E. sees as a national security threat. The U.A.E. has also sent a top national-security adviser to Iran, while the Saudis have held quiet talks with Iran over re-establishing ties.

Israel has urged the U.S. to take a tougher stance with Iran and has said it reserves the right to strike Iran with force. Benny Gantz, the Israeli defense minister, was in Washington last week for talks with U.S. Secretary of Defense Lloyd Austin and Secretary of State Antony Blinken.

Mr. Bennett’s planned visit to the U.A.E., which he said Sunday was at Sheikh Mohammed’s invitation, marks the most visible example of the regional cooperation sparked by the Abraham Accords, particularly against shared regional rival Iran.

Last month, following months of covert strikes between Iranian and Israeli-linked sea vessels, Israel, the U.A.E and the U.S. launched joint exercises in the Red Sea to counter Iranian naval moves.

“(Iran’s) presence is something we need to push back as much as possible from the state of Israel, from the Red Sea, from the areas that harm our freedom to sail,” said a senior Israeli naval officer. “In order to do that, we need to make our partnerships tighter.”

New diplomatic relations with the U.A.E. and other Arab countries have yielded mixed economic dividends, with the successes coming primarily from state-backed projects.

Registered trade between Israel and the U.A.E. increased 10-fold, according to official Israeli data from January to October that showed bilateral trade at $874.5 million during that period. The data, however, doesn’t account for some of the biggest successes of the past year, including a sale by Israel’s Delek Drilling in its offshore Tamar gas field to Abu Dhabi’s Mubadala wealth fund.

Other sales not accounted for include tech and defense. In November at the Dubai Air Show, Israel Aerospace Industries Ltd. signed a deal with Dubai’s Emirates Airline to convert four passenger liners to freight planes. The Israeli state-owned aeronautics company also struck a deal with Emirati defense company Edge to produce a series of unmanned surface vehicles, also known as drone ships. The vehicles can be used for pollution monitoring or submarine detections, among other applications, said the companies.

The value of the deals weren’t disclosed.

Last month, the U.A.E. also brokered a deal between Israel and Jordan, who have maintained strained ties for decades, to build renewable electricity and desalination plants around the shared Jordan River. Solar plants are expected to produce 600 megawatts of electricity in Jordan, which will be exported to Israel. In return, Israel will build desalination plants to export 200 million cubic meters of water to Jordan.

Fighting in May between the Israeli military and Hamas in Gaza was a test for the Israel-U.A.E. relationship, but even amid the worst of it, both sides were eager to promote tourism between the two countries. Measures were taken on both sides to allow for visa-free travel and the first-ever commercial routes between them, and government data showed hundreds of thousands of Israeli tourists visited the U.A.E. so far this year.

The two countries’ business communities have also grown closer. Emiratis have invested hundreds of millions of dollars into Israeli companies, according to assessments based on media reports, the Israeli official said.

The main interests of Emirati investors are in food and water technology, as well as renewable energy, the official said. The Emiratis would also like to see Israeli companies scaling up their businesses inside the U.A.E., using the country as a financial and logistics hub and as a gateway to increase exports to Asia.

In Late November, OurCrowd, Israel’s most active venture capital fund, became the first to open up offices in the U.A.E. for direct investment in Emirati companies.

“We need to take a long term approach to building these ties. It’s not about this week’s deal or even next month’s. It’s about building a strong and enduring foundation for joint activity between our two countries in the decades and centuries to come,” said Jon Medved, CEO of the company.

In recent weeks Israel has also hosted a series of events at Dubai’s Expo 2020 world fair, including Hanukkah celebrations and an interfaith event.

—Dov Lieber and Rory Jones contributed to this article.

Write to Thomas Grove at thomas.grove@wsj.com